RIGHT SIDED CYSTIC BREAST MASS

Formerly Published in Vol. 6 No. 1 Jan. - Jun., 2021

Abstract

Background: Cystic breast mass, characterized by fluid-filled sac within breast tissue, is a frequent occurrence in clinical practice. This case report delves into the radiological diagnosis ofa cystic breast mass emphasizing the necessity for a thorough radiological evaluation.  Cystic breast lesions are identified using the following imaging modalities like mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.It is important to note thatboth benign simple cyst, complex cystic and solid masses needs to be biopsied. Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS)[1] is used in the characterization of breast lesions. This case report explores the clinical presentation radiological features, and diagnostic considerations, underscoring the crucial role of accurate imaging techniques in managing cystic breast masses. The findings in this case report contribute to a better understanding of breast pathology and highlights the importance of precise diagnostic approaches in clinical decision-making.This will go a long way in early detection of breast lesions and better management and outcome of patients.

Methods: A 25-year-old female with complaints of right breast pain and discomfort with palpable mass underwent a thorough clinical examination. Radiological investigations, including mammography,ultrasound of the breast and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) were conducted to visualize and characterize the cystic masses. The imaging studies aimed to assess the size, location, and internal characteristics of the cystic mass, guiding subsequent diagnostic and management steps.

Results: Ultrasound of the breast revealed an anechoic mass with thick wall located in the right upper outer quadrant middle ring of the right breast measuring 51.2mm x 24.3mm in its dimensions, the lesion is wider than taller with no associated architectural distortion of the breast and no axillary lymphadenopathy. The mass displayed well-defined borders with no signs of micro calcifications. Ultrasound imaging also provided additional insights, confirming the cystic nature of the mass with posterior acoustic enhancement and excluding solid components, Doppler interrogation also revealed absence of blood flow showing that it is a non-vascular lesion.Mammography revealed a well-defined homogenous opacity in the right breast while MRI findings revealed that the lesion is of high signal intensity on T2weighted images and low signal intensity on fat suppressed T1 weighted images. The absence of vascularity on contrast enhanced T1 weighted images further supported the benign nature of the cystic mass. Histological findings after the excision of the cyst revealed benign features. A final (BI-RADS) assessment (BI-RADS) 2 was made.

Conclusion: The radiological evaluation of the cystic mass with histology highlighted the significance of accurate imaging and histology in distinguishing benign breast lesions from malignant lesions Clinical correlation and follow-up imaging is essential in ensuring appropriate management of the patient.